One view of the components of information literacy
Based on the Big6 by Mike Eisenberg and Bob Berkowitz.
http://big6.com/
1.The first step in the Information Literacy strategy is to clarify and understand the requirements of the problem or task for which information is sought. Basic questions asked at this stage:
1.What is known about the topic?
2.What information is needed?
3.Where can the information be found?
2.Locating: The second step is to identify sources of information and to find those resources. Depending upon the task, sources that will be helpful may vary. Sources may include: books; encyclopedias; maps; almanacs; etc. Sources may be in electronic, print, social bookmarking tools, or other formats.
3.Selecting/analyzing: Step three involves examining the resources that were found. The information must be determined to be useful or not useful in solving the problem. The useful resources are selected and the inappropriate resources are rejected.
4.Organizing/synthesizing: It is in the fourth step this information which has been selected is organized and processed so that knowledge and solutions are developed. Examples of basic steps in this stage are:
1.Discriminating between fact and opinion
2.Basing comparisons on similar characteristics
3.Noticing various interpretations of data
4.Finding more information if needed
5.Organizing ideas and information logically
5.Creating/presenting: In step five the information or solution is presented to the appropriate audience in an appropriate format. A paper is written. A presentation is made. Drawings, illustrations, and graphs are presented.
6.Evaluating: The final step in the Information Literacy strategy involves the critical evaluation of the completion of the task or the new understanding of the concept. Was the problem solved? Was new knowledge found? What could have been done differently? What was done well?
Another conception of information literacy
This conception, used primarily in the library and information studies field, and rooted in the concepts of library instruction and bibliographic instruction, is the ability "to recognize when information is needed and have the ability to locate, evaluate and use effectively the needed information" (Presidential Committee on Information Literacy. 1989, p. 1). In this view, information literacy is the basis for life-long learning, and an information literate person is one who:
-Recognizes that accurate and complete information is the basis for intelligent decision making.
-Recognizes the need for information.
-Knows how to locate needed information.
-Formulates questions based on information needs.
-Identifies potential sources of information.
-Develops successful search strategies.
-Accesses sources of information including computer-based and other technologies.
-Evaluates information no matter what the source.
-Organizes information for practical application.
-Integrates new information into an existing body of knowledge.
-Uses information in critical thinking and problem solving. (Doyle, 1992)
-Uses information ethically and legally.
Since information may be presented in a number of formats, the term information applies to more than just the printed word. Other literacies such as visual, media, computer, network, and basic literacies are implicit in information literacy.
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